In the high-speed cutting process of aluminum products, the lubrication and friction-reducing effect of the cutting fluid is crucial, which directly affects the processing quality, tool life and production efficiency.
First of all, the friction between the tool and the aluminum product is severe during high-speed cutting, generating a large amount of heat. The lubrication and anti-friction effect of special cutting fluid for aluminum products can effectively reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece and reduce heat generation. By forming a lubricating film, the tool is separated from the metal surface of the aluminum product to avoid direct contact, thereby significantly reducing the friction coefficient. For example, some cutting fluids containing extreme pressure additives such as sulfur and phosphorus can react with the metal surface under high temperature and pressure to form low shear strength compounds, further enhancing the lubrication effect and reducing tool wear.
From the perspective of processing accuracy, good lubrication and anti-friction properties help improve the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of aluminum products. Due to the reduced friction, the tool is more stable during the cutting process and is less prone to vibration and deflection, allowing it to process accurately according to the predetermined cutting path. For some aluminum parts that require high precision, such as aluminum alloy parts in the aerospace field, using cutting fluids with excellent lubricating and friction-reducing effects can ensure that the products meet strict quality standards.
In terms of tool life, the lubrication and friction-reducing effect of the cutting fluid directly determines the durability of the tool. The high temperature and high friction generated by high-speed cutting will accelerate the wear of tools, and effective cutting fluid can reduce the wear rate of tools. It not only reduces the mechanical wear between the tool and the aluminum product, but also reduces the temperature of the tool through cooling, reducing tool breakage caused by thermal stress. For example, comparing experiments using ordinary cutting fluid and high-performance special cutting fluid for aluminum products, the latter can extend tool life by 30% - 50%, greatly reducing tool replacement frequency and processing costs.
Various methods can be used to evaluate the lubrication and friction reducing effect of special cutting fluid for aluminum products in high-speed cutting. A commonly used method is to measure the cutting force and monitor the main cutting force, feed force, back force, etc. during the cutting process in real time through sensors. If the lubrication and friction reduction effect of the cutting fluid is good, the cutting force will be significantly reduced. Another method is to observe the tool wear and compare the wear pattern and wear amount of the tool after using different cutting fluids. The smaller the wear, the better the lubrication and friction reduction effect.
In addition, factors such as the concentration, flow rate and injection method of the cutting fluid will also affect its lubrication and friction reduction effect. Appropriate concentration can ensure the content of active ingredients in the cutting fluid and ensure lubrication performance; sufficient flow and correct injection method can enable the cutting fluid to reach the cutting area in time and form a good lubricating film.
However, in practical applications, many factors such as the compatibility of the cutting fluid and aluminum product materials, environmental protection, and cost also need to be considered. Comprehensive evaluation of the lubrication and friction-reduction effects of special cutting fluid for aluminum products in high-speed cutting and selection of the most suitable cutting fluid are extremely important for aluminum product processing enterprises to improve production efficiency and product quality.
